Odisha fares poorly in women’s safety, despite government efforts
Statistics reveal rampant gender-based violence and inequality in Odisha. A concerted multi-stakeholder effort is needed to bring about change, as government initiatives are slow in bearing results
Goal-5 of Sustainable Development Goals also highlights that ending all discrimination against women and girls
is not only a basic human right, but is also crucial for a sustainable future. Unfortunately,
cases of violence against women and girls in India continue to be high.
Especially in Odisha, data paints a grim picture of gender-based violence and
inequality in the state, despite government initiatives to address the same.
Gender crimes in Odisha
Odisha ranks poorly on the safety of women. The Crime in India 2017 statistics of theNational Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) that was released
recently reported that the percentage of crimes against women in Odisha is large.
Though Odisha’s population is only about 3% of
India’s, the crime rate against women in the state was 5.6%. Odisha has been
ranked as the second-worst state in the country in gender violence, after Uttar
Pradesh. Statistics show that a total of 11,318 cases of molestation against
women were reported in Odisha in 2019.
The NCRB report 2018 also shows a poor status of the safety of women in the state. Odisha
tops the rank in assault of women and use of force and comes in second in the
country in cyber-crimes and transmitting of sexually explicit materials.
NCRB
report also indicates that cyber-based crimes have increased
by about 76% in Odisha in 2019 (1,485 cases) compared to 2018 (843 cases).
Similarly, theNational Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 report suggests that 35.2%
of women in Odisha had faced spousal violence.
Government initiatives
Last year, the Odisha government became the first
state in the country by electing women as a third of its political
representatives. The government has put in place various policy provisions to
address and eliminate gender-based violence in the state.
One of the initiatives is Pari Express, a program of Odisha Police in partnership with UNICEF to create
awareness against child sexual abuse. The department has also set up women and
children cells in the district level police headquarters, to prevent crime
against women and children.
Efforts have also been made to ensure that existing
government schemes such as One Stop
Centers and Emergency Response
Support System remain operational. The state government has set up a fast track
special court scheme underNational Mission of Safety for Women, to dispose several pending sexual assault cases of children below the
age of 12 years and of women.
During the outbreak of COVID-19, prolonged school
closure, mental stress, loss of job and confinement have intensified the risk
of violence for women and girls. To reduce it,Odisha State Commission for Women issued a social messaging helpline
number in April 2020. The national single helpline 112 to provide all forms of assistance to people in distress is also
operational.
Slow progress
“Despite the state government’s effort to address
gender-based violence, many cases against women come to us. So there is a need
of awareness and sensitization among people on gender-based violence,” said
Snehanjali Mohanty, Member of State Commission for Women, Odisha. “In addition
to the government’s effort in raising awareness of women’s rights and
entitlements, the change should first start from our homes.”
“Women and girls face violence from their early
lives due to orthodox social conditioning and stereotypes that continue to
exist in our society,” said Pramila Swain, convener of Odisha chapter ofNational Alliance of Women Organization (NAWO).
“No one knows better than a woman or a girl on what hurdles
she has had to face to enjoy equal rights and privileges like men,” said Swain.
“How can women feel safe when their surroundings are unsupportive? We need
better implementation of gender-based laws and policies to end gender-based
violence in society.”
The Odisha government’s Economic Survey report 2018-19 has also revealed a worrying trend on women’s productive performance.
According to the report, women earn nearly three times less than men in the
state and women are still not considered a skilled workforce.
Gender-responsive budget
Gender-responsive budgeting concept emerged during
2004-05 by introducing Women Component Plan (WCP) in our country and the Odisha government became the first state in the country to have brought a separate budget
on gender.
While presenting the state budget for
2020-21, finance minister of Odisha
Niranjan Pujari announced that the state government has 77 schemes which are
100% women-specific.
Spending for various combined schemes and programs
targeted with greater than 30% on the budget outlay was increased from Rs
4,0294.67 crore during 2018-19 to 5,1008.94 crore in 2020-21. Despite its
promise, Odisha’s gender budget remains skewed and ineffective.
“Out of every 100 rupees, the state government has
allocated merely 2.32 rupees for women in 2019-20 whereas the spending has
further dropped down to 1.79 rupees in the year 2020-21,” said Pravas Mishra, a
budget analyst who works with the non-profit Oxfam India.
“A bender budget cell is also functioning under
Women and Child Development Department of the state government to facilitate
the process of gender-responsive budget but lack of adequate resource
allocation to this cell has limited their performances in this regard,” said
Mishra.
Ending
gender-based violence
“Gender-based violence is a long term development
challenge and girls as well as women often experience violence from physical
punishment to sexual, emotional or psychological violence. However, violence
should not be treated as a personal affair – it must be reported to be
challenged,” said Pragyan Paramita Bastia, state program manager of the state government’s
181 women emergency helpline service.
“However, to cherish a more secured and safer place
for women and girls in our society, there is a clear need to shatter the cycle
of violence,” said Bastia. It is hoped that the awareness programs such as the
16 Day Campaign would help.
“We are happy to be a part of the UN’s 16 days of
campaign; we vow to never be a silent bystander and to be strong allies in
raising our voices against outbreaks of violence that women are being
victimized,” said Ruchi Kashyap, executive trustee of Atmashakti
Trust, a development
organization. “There is a need for
concerted efforts from governments, NGOs and other stakeholders to end gender-based
violence in our societies.”
Naba Kishor Pujari
is a researcher, development professional and freelance journalist based at
Bhubaneswar. Views are personal.